The rise of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT has introduced new challenges and considerations for academic writing, particularly regarding proper citation. This article will guide you through the process of citing ChatGPT in APA style, ensuring that you give appropriate credit and maintain academic integrity. This guide is based on the official recommendations from the APA Style Blog, ensuring accuracy and reliability.
Even if it doesn't feel like you're quoting a person, citing ChatGPT is essential for several reasons:
You need to cite ChatGPT when you are quoting or reproducing text it has created in your paper. This includes using it to:
However, keep in mind that while ChatGPT can be a helpful tool, it shouldn't be used to write the entire paper. Responsible and ethical use involves integrating AI as a research aid, not as a replacement for original thought and analysis. Always refer to your instructor's guidelines for specific rules on AI usage.
When incorporating text directly generated by ChatGPT, follow these guidelines:
Describe your use of ChatGPT: In your methodology or introduction section, clearly explain how you used ChatGPT in your research process.
Provide the Prompt Used: Always include the exact prompt you gave ChatGPT.
Include the Generated Text: Present the relevant portion of the generated text in your paper.
Cite OpenAI: Cite OpenAI as the author of the algorithm in both your in-text citation and reference list.Treating ChatGPT output similarly to citing an algorithm acknowledges that it’s not a personal communication but a product of code.
Let's say you prompted ChatGPT with: "Is the left brain right brain divide real or a metaphor?".
In-Text Citation:
When prompted with “Is the left brain right brain divide real or a metaphor?” the ChatGPT-generated text indicated that although the two brain hemispheres are somewhat specialized, “the notation that people can be characterized as ‘left-brained’ or ‘right-brained’ is considered to be an oversimplification and a popular myth” (OpenAI, 2023).
Reference List Entry:
OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 14 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat
For longer ChatGPT responses, consider including the full transcript in an appendix or supplemental online materials. This allows readers to access the complete text generated and understand its context. Remember to reference the appendix in the body of your paper.
Example:
When given a follow-up prompt of “What is a more accurate representation?” the ChatGPT-generated text indicated that “different brain regions work together to support various cognitive processes” and “the functional specialization of different regions can change in response to experience and environmental factors” (OpenAI, 2023; see Appendix A for the full transcript).
The APA Style guidelines adapt the software reference template (Publication Manual Section 10.10) . Here's a breakdown of the elements:
Formatted Reference:
OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 14 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat
Parenthetical Citation: (OpenAI, 2023)
Narrative Citation: OpenAI (2023)
The use of AI in academic settings is still evolving. Questions about plagiarism, authorship, and copyright are ongoing discussions. The APA is actively seeking recommendations from journal editors to develop further guidelines on these topics. Stay updated with the latest recommendations and guidelines from the APA and other relevant organizations. Keep an eye on journals, publishers, and academic institutions. Also, consider subscribing to the APA Style Monthly newsletter to get tips, updates, and resources delivered directly to your inbox.
By following these guidelines, you can ethically and effectively integrate ChatGPT into your research while maintaining academic integrity.
